Tips for Driving on the Right Hand Side of the Road

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Ideal for Visitors From Great Britain, Ireland, or Australia to Los Angeles.

Perhaps you have never driven on the “wrong” side of the road before. When I lived in Motherwell, Scotland, I almost crashed a brand new British Sterling in a head-on collision. So I wrote this for all you Brits who want to make it back home in one piece. Besides having few roundabouts, and no "railways," the City of Angels is a devil of a place to Holiday.

To begin with, in California, it is an illegal misdemeanor to drive on the wrong (left-hand side of the road).

California Vehicle Code Section 21651(b) states:

It is unlawful to drive any vehicle upon a highway, except to the right of an intermittent barrier or a dividing section which separates two or more opposing lanes of traffic. Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (c), a violation of this subdivision is a misdemeanor.

Because of this, visitors from left-hand side driving countries need to take heed of their rights, duties, and obligations when visiting Los Angeles, California.

As a British left-side hand side driver, your years of experience driving on the wrong side of the road were hammered into you by everyone:

• Parents.
• Road instructors
• School teachers.
• Bobbies.
• Driving tests.

However, there is a strong chance that you will travel to a place where the opposite is true. Nations that used to be part of the British Empire (except for Canada) drive on the left side of the road. These include the United Kingdom, Ireland, India, and Australia. And while your passport may not be stamped yet, it’s better to be prepared for when that day comes.

Understanding Wrong-Way Driving From a Legal Perspective.

As a longtime personal injury attorney, I think I have seen just about everything. And most of the time, if someone is driving on the left-hand side of the road in Los Angeles, for example, it is because they are doing something wrong. However, many of my clients have traveled overseas. And often, they can't resist the opportunity to get behind the wheel in another country. If that sounds like something you are going to do, it is best to be prepared for any contingency.

Breaking the Habit of Driving on the Other Side of the Road.

Your long-time aversion to driving on the other side of the road is with good cause. Thousands of hours behind the wheel, driving on the right-hand side of the road is essential for your safety. Shutting that part off that left side driver part of your brain is not easy. But we are here to help. Below we will see several ideas on how to make the transition easier.

Understanding How.

• Spend your time getting used to the new car. In cases like this, you have two challenges. Not only are you preparing to drive on the other side of the road, but you are also driving an entirely new car. It takes time to get used to any new car, especially a rental. By taking it easy, especially the first day, it will be much easier for you to understand the Dynamics of driving in this new environment. It is also important not to rush. The landmarks will still be there whether or not you decide to drive excessive hours that day. The more time you give yourself preparing, the easier the transition will be. This goes double for time behind the wheel.
• Study the rules and laws of the country. Make sure to familiarize yourself with the particular rules and regulations of the country you are going to. Just because some traffic laws are mandatory in your home state does not mean that it will be the same in another country. And this goes double for concepts such as the right of way and turning. Moreover, this is a needed concept.
• Use an automatic transmission. But this might be difficult for you on two accounts. Firstly, you may be used to driving a stick shift. Secondly, automatic transmissions are much rarer outside of the United States and Canada. Even getting one as a rental in a place like London, United Kingdom, or Los Angeles, California may be harder or more expensive. However, since all of your gear patterns and the clutch pedal is opposite of what you know, you can reduce your worries by driving that same type of car.

What are Some More Preparation Tips?

Make sure to prepare the car first. This has many elements. And this includes checking your mirrors, adjusting your driving pattern, and getting used to having someone in the passenger seat. Every second taken understanding your new driving circumstances will pay dividends in the future.

The above is not an exhaustive list but, hopefully, an excellent primer in understanding the differences and driving between countries. Should you hop that flight and find yourself in these circumstances, refer back to this website for more information on how to drive safer and avoid accidents.

What Are Some Of The Potential Legal Ramifications of Driving on the Wrong Side of the Road?

The four basic issues a person needs to know about driving on the wrong side of the road are:

1. The accused has the right to pay a lawyer to defend against the Notice to Appear for violating Vehicle Code Section 21651 (b). Assuming you already made bail and flew home, the lawyer can appear in court for you. (Obviously, if it was a DUI with injuries and property damage, you may not make bail and be forced to stay in jail).
2. Wrong side driving is considered to be a “wobbler” under California law. What this does is invoke prosecutorial discretion. So the prosecutor may wobble into charging it as a felony. For example, if someone was killed and seriously injured due to the defendant's driving on the wrong side of the road, that's going to be a felony charge. Of course, if no one was hurt, it can be charged as a misdemeanor, and later plea-bargained down to a lesser included offense as an infraction and a fine. Sometimes the case may even be dismissed in the interests of justice.
3. Assuming there is a conviction, the wrong-way driver would get two points on his DMV printout, which will make their insurance rates go up and even result in a suspended license in certain cases. For example, under California law, if a driver receives 4 points within 12 months period, or 6 points within 24 month period, or 8 points inside of 36 months, the DMV suspends your driving privileges.
4. Wrong-way drivers can be subjected to a warrant, extradition arrest under California Vehicle Code Section 40508 if they elect to blow off the cour by failure to appear.

Can California Extradite Wrong Way Drivers to California?

Yes. Extradition laws are a legal procedure created to return fugitives from justice to the country, state, or even county, back to the jurisdiction where the alleged crime occurred.

Usually, extradition laws are invoked when:

1. A defendant takes flight, after making bail, probation, or parole after serving time and violates the terms.
2. Sometimes it is an innocent mistake.

• The visitor is ticketed and returns home after their California vacation ends, so as not to overstay their travel Visa, for example. And then later the so-called fugitive will discover they are in trouble, even though, in their mind, they did nothing wrong.
• The visitor is a victim of stolen identity, such as an arrestee who looked similar stealing the visitor's ID and using it after an arrest and release.

In these types of cases, treaties between the U.S. and other countries, such as the U.K., have created reasonably fair extradition laws. In such cases, only the governor has the power to extradite or fly the lawbreaker back to California to be held to answer.

During this time, the incarcerated defendant may:

• Return to incarceration and face trial for fleeing justice on an already existing jail sentence.
• Plea bargain and plead out "guilty" in exchange for probation.
• Plead guilty and be sentenced to jail and confinement.
• Request a speedy trial.

In these cases, until the fugitive is recaptured back to California, which can take as long as three months or more, unfortunately, a presumption of guilt exists. And this is one of the few times someone is deemed guilty. But this presumption of guilt ends once the accused is back in the hands of California, and in jail. Typically the captured fugitive will remain incarcerated until time of trial, or conviction, whatever comes first. Of course, the defendant may also have time to serve on a pre-existing sentence, which will almost surely be enhanced.

• Example of an Extradition in the News.

Recently, we saw in the news that the U.S. refused to extradite a diplomat's wife for a wrong-way driving car accident case after she fled the U.K. back to the U.S.

"On Thursday, the U.S. government denied a British extradition request pertaining to Anne Sacoolas, an American diplomat's wife. Sacoolas admitted to driving on the wrong side of the road when she collided with 19-year-old Dunn in August, but she claimed immunity and fled to the United States." (Source).

The above case is the reverse of what we are discussing here (U.K demanding someone from the U.S.). Moreover, the Sacoolas matter involved matters of diplomatic immunity. Cases such as this are different than a run of the mill extradition case. But the idea is the same. Someone is accused of breaking the law by driving on the wrong side of the road, in another country, and later flees. Now the host country, via treaty, arrests and holds the fugitive, until such time, as the terms and arrangements to transfer custody are made. During this time many defenses can be raised to stall, or prevent the actual transfer of the prisoner back to California. 

California Penal Code Sections 1548 through 1558 govern extraditions of fugitives back to California.

Penal Code Section 1548.1 States:

Subject to the provisions of this chapter, the Constitution of the United States, and the laws of the United States, it is the duty of the Governor of this State to have arrested and delivered up to the executive authority of any other State any person charged in that State with treason, felony, or other crime, who has fled from justice and is found in this State.

These penal code sections basically adopt uniform laws regulating the expensive, are rarely used procedure to issue a "governor's warrant."  Forty-Eight states, including California, have adopted the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act ("UCEA") regulations regarding interstate extradition in Penal Code Sections 1548 through 1558. Federal laws also exist for enumerated types of crimes. And the feds have unique procedures involved in that type of extradition. Although Federal statutes and the U.S. Constitution place a ceiling on extradition procedures, States are authorized to use less stringent standards, like those found in the UCEA.

The UCEA sets forth the rules each county and locale must utilize to effectuate the return of the lawbreaker to justice. Sometimes, like in the Julian Assange case, the fugitive will claim political, or another type of asylum in the host country to which he or she absconded. So the UCEA covers the procedures to be followed in such cases. There are also other considerations, such as the death penalty. Moreover, humanitarian instances exist in which the U.K. will not extradite. For example, what if there is a possibility the defendant could face death, such as an aggravated vehicular manslaughter case? Then, in that case, the countries would have to negotiate a deal where the death penalty would not be involved. Otherwise, the U.K. will not allow extradition for humanitarian reasons.

Contrast this with the federal extradition scheme. The United States Constitution and the United States Code set forth the federal rules regarding extradition. The UCEA contains a very exacting set of guidelines for extradition. Federal law is far more general in the application of its provisions.

All the feds need to invoke extradition are below.

The extraditing state (federal or state jurisdiction within the state) deliver a copy of the indictment or affidavit setting forth the fugitive's crime(s). The hosting, or asylum sought land then effectuates an arrest and confinement of the defendant for no longer than 30 days. During that period, an agent from the demanding state must come and "claim" the fugitive. If no agent appears during that period, the host state has the legal authority to free the prisoner.

The key here is that federal law controls whenever a discrepancy arises over which law should be used. California will not always go after minor offenses because of the sheer expenses involved. But they will issue warrants. And if the defendant re-appears on U.S. shores, he or she can be arrested and face justice at that time. But the governor has to look at the costs in time, travel, and resources of bringing people back for relatively minor crimes, for example. And with the defund the police movement, crime-fighting is not being prioritized at this moment.

If California chooses the governor's warrant and extradition, some steps include:

1. The issuance of a proper legal demand to the asylum state for the defendant's prompt return
2. Sending a State agent within 30 days in order to take custody of the fugitive and return him or her to California to answer for the charges.

Can a fugitive fight an extradition order?

Yes, as noted above, under the federal scheme, there are several methods to defend against extradition back to California. Mostly, lousy paperwork or mistaken identity will result in the waiting jailed person's release from jail while lingering in the asylum country. 

Will My California Driving Convictions Follow Me Back to the U.K.?

No, there is no transfer of your California driving points to the U.K. Perhaps some info would be shared with commonwealth countries, such as Canada, but that is a North American country and not a left-side driving state. (Source)

Conclusion.

Above we covered tips for how to drive on the wrong side of the road for tourists and newcomers to Los Angeles, California. Aso discussed were the relevant Vehicle Code and Penal Code Sections regarding extradition back to California for people fleeing justice. Last, we explained that the arrest and driving records from California typically wouldn't follow a person back to the U.K. If you need help answering a wrong-way driver-related question, please call Ehline Law Firm now at (213) 596-9642.

Citations:

"Federal Highway Safety Administration, Wrong-Way Driving" https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/other_topics/wwd/

"California Department of Motor Vehicle, Vehicle Collisions." https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-education-and-safety/educational-materials/fast-facts/vehicle-collisions-ffdl-16/

"Teen accident victim's family call for UK to block Julian Assange's US extradition." https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/23/europe/harry-dunn-julian-assange-extradition-gbr-intl/index.html